Verapamil
Verapamil, Verelan (verapamil) is a small molecule pharmaceutical. Verapamil was first approved as Isoptin on 1982-01-01. It is used to treat atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and supraventricular tachycardia amongst others in the USA. The pharmaceutical is active against voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C and voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S. In addition, it is known to target equilibrative nucleoside transporter 4, potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 7, potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 10, sodium leak channel NALCN, voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D, voltage-gated potassium channel KCNC2, cytochrome P450 3A4, voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F, two pore channel protein 1, two pore channel protein 2, and G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2.
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Commercial
Therapeutic Areas
Therapeutic Area | MeSH |
|---|---|
| cardiovascular diseases | D002318 |
| signs and symptoms pathological conditions | D013568 |
Trade Name
FDA
EMA
Verapamil, Verelan (discontinued: Calan, Covera, Isoptin, Verapamil)
CombinationsTrandolapril verapamil (discontinued: Tarka)
Drug Products
FDA
EMA
New Drug Application (NDA)
New Drug Application (NDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Trandolapril
+
Verapamil hydrochloride
Labels
FDA
EMA
Brand Name | Status | Last Update |
|---|---|---|
| isoptin sr | 2008-03-11 | |
| tarka | New Drug Application | 2012-02-13 |
| trandolapril and verapamil hydrochloride | ANDA | 2019-09-30 |
| verapamil | ANDA | 2011-08-11 |
| verapamil hydrochloride | ANDA | 2014-05-27 |
| verapamil hci | New Drug Application | 2024-02-26 |
| verapamil hcl | ANDA | 2019-06-03 |
| verapamil hydrochloride | NDA authorized generic | 2025-03-25 |
| verapamil hydrochloridepm | ANDA | 2010-06-04 |
| verelan | New Drug Application | 2023-02-22 |
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Indications
FDA
EMA
Agency Specific
FDA
EMA
No data
Patent Expiration
No data
ATC Codes
C: Cardiovascular system drugs
— C08: Calcium channel blockers
— C08D: Selective calcium channel blockers with direct cardiac effects
— C08DA: Phenylalkylamine derivatives, selective calcium channel blockers with direct cardiac effects
— C08DA01: Verapamil
— C08DA51: Verapamil, combinations
— C09: Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system
— C09B: Ace inhibitors, combinations
— C09BB: Ace inhibitors and calcium channel blockers
— C09BB10: Trandolapril and verapamil
HCPCS
No data
Clinical
Clinical Trials
183 clinical trials
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Indications Phases 4
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypertension | D006973 | EFO_0000537 | I10 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 17 |
| Atrial fibrillation | D001281 | EFO_0000275 | I48.0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 16 |
| Diabetes mellitus | D003920 | EFO_0000400 | E08-E13 | — | 4 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 12 |
| Syndrome | D013577 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 6 |
| Coronary artery disease | D003324 | — | I25.1 | — | 1 | — | 2 | 2 | 5 |
| Heart failure | D006333 | EFO_0003144 | I50 | — | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | D003924 | EFO_0001360 | E11 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Myocardial infarction | D009203 | EFO_0000612 | I21 | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| Infarction | D007238 | EFO_0009463 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| Peripheral vascular diseases | D016491 | EFO_0003875 | I73.9 | 1 | 1 | — | 2 | — | 4 |
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Indications Phases 3
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phenylketonurias | D010661 | — | E70.0 | — | 1 | 6 | — | 3 | 10 |
| Type 1 diabetes mellitus | D003922 | EFO_0001359 | E10 | 1 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | 6 |
| Ischemic stroke | D000083242 | — | — | 4 | 2 | 1 | — | — | 5 |
| Cardiac arrhythmias | D001145 | EFO_0004269 | I49.9 | — | — | 1 | — | 2 | 3 |
| Cardiovascular diseases | D002318 | EFO_0000319 | I98 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 3 |
| Essential hypertension | D000075222 | — | I10 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 2 |
| Blood coagulation disorders | D001778 | EFO_0009314 | D68.9 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| Hemostatic disorders | D020141 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| Renal insufficiency | D051437 | — | N19 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| Body-weight trajectory | D000077962 | — | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
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Indications Phases 2
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy volunteers/patients | — | — | — | 19 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 20 |
| Thrombosis | D013927 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 4 | 5 |
| Pharmacokinetics | D010599 | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | 3 |
| Epilepsy | D004827 | EFO_0000474 | G40.9 | — | 1 | — | — | 2 | 3 |
| Osteoarthritis | D010003 | EFO_0002506 | M15-M19 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Intermittent claudication | D007383 | EFO_0003876 | I73.9 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 |
| Stroke | D020521 | EFO_0000712 | I63.9 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 |
| Brain neoplasms | D001932 | EFO_0003833 | C71 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| Neoplasms | D009369 | — | C80 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| Meningioma | D008579 | EFO_0003098 | D32.9 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
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Indications Phases 1
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug interactions | D004347 | — | — | 3 | — | — | — | — | 3 |
| Ischemia | D007511 | EFO_0000556 | — | 3 | — | — | — | — | 3 |
| Substance-related disorders | D019966 | EFO_0003890 | F13 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 2 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | D029424 | EFO_0000341 | J44.9 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 2 |
| Sinusitis | D012852 | EFO_0007486 | J32 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Nasal polyps | D009298 | — | J33 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Rhinosinusitis | D000096825 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Long qt syndrome | D008133 | HP_0001657 | I45.81 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Pharmacological phenomena | D000069437 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Lymphoma | D008223 | — | C85.9 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
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Indications Without Phase
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| St elevation myocardial infarction | D000072657 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 |
| Atherosclerosis | D050197 | EFO_0003914 | I25.1 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 |
| No-reflow phenomenon | D054318 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Angioplasty | D017130 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Coronary angiography | D017023 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Erectile dysfunction | D007172 | EFO_0004234 | F52.21 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Hemangioendothelioma | D006390 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Exercise test | D005080 | EFO_0004328 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Premature cardiac complexes | D005117 | — | I49.40 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Wounds and injuries | D014947 | — | T14.8 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
Show 17 more
Epidemiology
Epidemiological information for investigational and approved indications
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Drug
General
| Drug common name | Verapamil |
| INN | verapamil |
| Description | 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile is a tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group. It is a tertiary amino compound, an aromatic ether, a polyether and a nitrile. |
| Classification | Small molecule |
| Drug class | coronary vasodilators (verapamil type) |
| Image (chem structure or protein) |  |
| Structure (InChI/SMILES or Protein Sequence) | COc1ccc(CCN(C)CCCC(C#N)(c2ccc(OC)c(OC)c2)C(C)C)cc1OC |
Identifiers
| PDB | — |
| CAS-ID | 52-53-9 |
| RxCUI | — |
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL6966 |
| ChEBI ID | 77733 |
| PubChem CID | 2520 |
| DrugBank | DB00661 |
| UNII ID | CJ0O37KU29 (ChemIDplus, GSRS) |
Target
Agency Approved
No data
Alternate
KCNC2
KCNC2
Organism
Homo sapiens
Gene name
KCNC2
Gene synonyms
NCBI Gene ID
Protein name
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 2
Protein synonyms
potassium channel, voltage gated Shaw related subfamily C, member 2, potassium voltage-gated channel, Shaw-related subfamily, member 2, Shaw-like potassium channel, Voltage-gated potassium channel Kv3.2
Uniprot ID
Mouse ortholog
Kcnc2 (268345)
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 2 (Q14B80)
Variants
No data
Financial
Revenue by drug
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Verelan – Elan Corporation
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Estimated US medical usage
Verapamil
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Trandolapril
Total medical expenditures per year (USD, in millions)
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Verapamil
Total medical expenditures per year (USD, in millions)
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Trends
PubMed Central
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Additional graphs summarizing 34,742 documents
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Safety
Black-box Warning
Black-box warning for: Tarka, Trandolapril and verapamil hydrochloride
Adverse Events
Top Adverse Reactions
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16,350 adverse events reported
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