Pentoxifylline
Pentoxifylline (pentoxifylline) is a small molecule pharmaceutical. Pentoxifylline was first approved as Trental on 1984-08-30. It is used to treat brain ischemia, cerebral malaria, diabetic angiopathies, diabetic neuropathies, and gangrene amongst others in the USA. It is known to target adenosine receptor A2b.
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Commercial
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Pentoxifylline (discontinued: Pentoxifylline, Pentoxil, Trental)
Drug Products
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New Drug Application (NDA)
New Drug Application (NDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Pentoxifylline
Tradename | Company | Number | Date | Products |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TRENTAL | Validus Pharmaceuticals | N-018631 DISCN | 1984-08-30 | 1 products, RLD |
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FDA
EMA
Brand Name | Status | Last Update |
|---|---|---|
| betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% / minoxidil 5% / niacinamide 2% / pentoxifylline 0.5% | unapproved drug other | 2019-05-08 |
| pentoxifylline | ANDA | 2024-10-25 |
| pentoxifylline 0.5% / triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% | unapproved drug other | 2019-05-14 |
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Clinical
Clinical Trials
185 clinical trials
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Indications Phases 4
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kidney diseases | D007674 | EFO_0003086 | N08 | — | 5 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 18 |
| Hepatitis | D006505 | HP_0012115 | K75.9 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 13 |
| Hepatitis a | D006506 | EFO_0007305 | B15 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 13 |
| Syndrome | D013577 | — | — | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 11 |
| Alcoholic hepatitis | D006519 | EFO_1001345 | K70.1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 11 |
| Chronic renal insufficiency | D051436 | — | N18 | — | 2 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 10 |
| Fibrosis | D005355 | — | — | 2 | 6 | 2 | 1 | — | 10 |
| Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease | D065626 | EFO_0003095 | K75.81 | — | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 8 |
| Fatty liver | D005234 | EFO_0003934 | — | — | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 8 |
| Diabetic nephropathies | D003928 | EFO_0000401 | — | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | — | 7 |
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Indications Phases 3
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breast neoplasms | D001943 | EFO_0003869 | C50 | — | 7 | 2 | — | — | 8 |
| Liver diseases | D008107 | HP_0002910 | K70-K77 | — | 3 | 2 | — | 1 | 5 |
| Osteonecrosis | D010020 | EFO_0004259 | M87 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 2 | 4 |
| Covid-19 | D000086382 | — | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | 2 | 4 |
| Leishmaniasis | D007896 | EFO_0005044 | B55 | — | 4 | 3 | — | — | 4 |
| Radiation injuries | D011832 | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | 3 |
| Oxidative stress | D018384 | EFO_1001905 | — | — | — | 1 | — | 2 | 3 |
| Alcoholic fatty liver | D005235 | — | K70.0 | — | — | 1 | — | 2 | 3 |
| Cutaneous leishmaniasis | D016773 | — | B55.1 | — | 3 | 2 | — | — | 3 |
| Necrosis | D009336 | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 3 |
Show 46 more
Indications Phases 2
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression | D003863 | — | F33.9 | 3 | 3 | — | — | 1 | 5 |
| Depressive disorder | D003866 | EFO_1002014 | F32.A | 3 | 3 | — | — | 1 | 5 |
| Major depressive disorder | D003865 | EFO_0003761 | F22 | 2 | 3 | — | — | 1 | 4 |
| Cardiovascular diseases | D002318 | HP_0001626 | — | — | 3 | — | — | — | 3 |
| Anemia | D000740 | HP_0001903 | D64.9 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 3 |
| Head and neck neoplasms | D006258 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 3 |
| Behcet syndrome | D001528 | EFO_0003780 | M35.2 | — | 2 | — | — | — | 2 |
| Neoplasm metastasis | D009362 | EFO_0009708 | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | 2 |
| Schizophrenia | D012559 | EFO_0000692 | F20 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | 2 |
| Non-small-cell lung carcinoma | D002289 | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | 2 |
Show 46 more
Indications Phases 1
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hepatopulmonary syndrome | D020065 | EFO_1001346 | K76.81 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 | 3 |
| Alopecia areata | D000506 | EFO_0004192 | L63 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Alopecia | D000505 | HP_0002293 | L64 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Glioblastoma | D005909 | EFO_0000515 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Central nervous system neoplasms | D016543 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Nervous system neoplasms | D009423 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Bipolar disorder | D001714 | EFO_0000289 | F30.9 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Healthy volunteers/patients | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Crohn disease | D003424 | EFO_0000384 | K50 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Male infertility | D007248 | EFO_0004248 | N46 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
Indications Without Phase
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ulcer | D014456 | MPATH_579 | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Leg ulcer | D007871 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Infections | D007239 | EFO_0000544 | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Communicable diseases | D003141 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Knee osteoarthritis | D020370 | EFO_0004616 | M17 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Osteoarthritis | D010003 | EFO_0002506 | M15-M19 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Type 1 diabetes mellitus | D003922 | EFO_0001359 | E10 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Venous insufficiency | D014689 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Viral pneumonia | D011024 | EFO_0007541 | J12.9 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Hepatorenal syndrome | D006530 | — | K76.7 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
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Epidemiology
Epidemiological information for investigational and approved indications
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Drug
General
| Drug common name | Pentoxifylline |
| INN | pentoxifylline |
| Description | Pentoxifylline is an oxopurine. |
| Classification | Small molecule |
| Drug class | theophylline derivatives |
| Image (chem structure or protein) |  |
| Structure (InChI/SMILES or Protein Sequence) | CC(=O)CCCCn1c(=O)c2c(ncn2C)n(C)c1=O |
Identifiers
| PDB | — |
| CAS-ID | 6493-05-6 |
| RxCUI | — |
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL628 |
| ChEBI ID | 7986 |
| PubChem CID | 4740 |
| DrugBank | DB00806 |
| UNII ID | SD6QCT3TSU (ChemIDplus, GSRS) |
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Pentoxifylline
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Safety
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1,703 adverse events reported
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