Pentobarbital
Nembutal, Pentobarbital (pentobarbital) is a small molecule pharmaceutical. Pentobarbital was first approved as Nembutal on 1982-01-01. It is used to treat status epilepticus in the USA.
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Commercial
Therapeutic Areas
Therapeutic Area | MeSH |
|---|---|
| nervous system diseases | D009422 |
| signs and symptoms pathological conditions | D013568 |
Trade Name
FDA
EMA
Nembutal, Pentobarbital (discontinued: Nembutal, Pentobarbital)
Drug Products
FDA
EMA
New Drug Application (NDA)
New Drug Application (NDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
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Labels
FDA
EMA
Brand Name | Status | Last Update |
|---|---|---|
| pentobarbital sodium | ANDA | 2026-09-22 |
Indications
FDA
EMA
Indication | Ontology | MeSH | ICD-10 |
|---|---|---|---|
| status epilepticus | EFO_0008526 | D013226 | G41 |
Agency Specific
FDA
EMA
No data
Patent Expiration
No data
HCPCS
Code | Description |
|---|---|
| J2515 | Injection, pentobarbital sodium, per 50 mg |
Clinical
Clinical Trials
14 clinical trials
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Indications Phases 4
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Indications Phases 3
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypertension | D006973 | EFO_0000537 | I10 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 2 |
| Traumatic brain injuries | D000070642 | — | S06 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| Brain injuries | D001930 | — | S06.9 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| Intracranial hypertension | D019586 | EFO_1000992 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| Status epilepticus | D013226 | EFO_0008526 | G41 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| Diabetic nephropathies | D003928 | EFO_0000401 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
Indications Phases 2
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Substance-related disorders | D019966 | EFO_0003890 | F13 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
Indications Phases 1
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heart diseases | D006331 | EFO_0003777 | I51.9 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
Indications Without Phase
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| General anesthesia | D000768 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Hemorrhage | D006470 | MP_0001914 | R58 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Heart failure | D006333 | EFO_0003144 | I50 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Chronic renal insufficiency | D051436 | — | N18 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Kidney diseases | D007674 | EFO_0003086 | N08 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Sepsis | D018805 | EFO_0001420 | A41.9 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Respiratory tract infections | D012141 | — | J06.9 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Infections | D007239 | EFO_0000544 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Neutropenia | D009503 | — | D70 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Migraine disorders | D008881 | EFO_0003821 | G43 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
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Epidemiology
Epidemiological information for investigational and approved indications
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Drug
General
| Drug common name | Pentobarbital |
| INN | pentobarbital |
| Description | Pentobarbital is a member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups. It has a role as a GABAA receptor agonist. |
| Classification | Small molecule |
| Drug class | barbituric acid derivatives |
| Image (chem structure or protein) |  |
| Structure (InChI/SMILES or Protein Sequence) | CCCC(C)C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O |
Identifiers
| PDB | — |
| CAS-ID | 76-74-4 |
| RxCUI | — |
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL448 |
| ChEBI ID | 7983 |
| PubChem CID | 4737 |
| DrugBank | DB00312 |
| UNII ID | I4744080IR (ChemIDplus, GSRS) |
Target
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Variants
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Financial
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Estimated US medical usage
Pentobarbital
Total medical expenditures per year (USD, in millions)
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Trends
PubMed Central
Top Terms for Disease or Syndrome:
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Additional graphs summarizing 52,346 documents
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Safety
Black-box Warning
No Black-box warning
Adverse Events
Top Adverse Reactions
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672 adverse events reported
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