Norepinephrine
Levophed, Norepinephrine, Ravocaine Novocain W/, Ravocaine Novocain W/ Levophed (norepinephrine) is a small molecule pharmaceutical. Norepinephrine was first approved as Ravocaine and novocain w/ neo-cobefrin on 1982-01-01. It is used to treat hypotension and shock in the USA. The pharmaceutical is active against alpha-2B adrenergic receptor and alpha-2C adrenergic receptor. In addition, it is known to target beta-3 adrenergic receptor, alpha-1A adrenergic receptor, beta-2 adrenergic receptor, beta-1 adrenergic receptor, D(1A) dopamine receptor, alpha-1B adrenergic receptor, D(1B) dopamine receptor, alpha-2A adrenergic receptor, and alpha-1D adrenergic receptor.
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Commercial
Therapeutic Areas
Therapeutic Area | MeSH |
|---|---|
| cardiovascular diseases | D002318 |
| signs and symptoms pathological conditions | D013568 |
Trade Name
FDA
EMA
Levophed, Norepinephrine (discontinued: Norepinephrine)
Drug Products
FDA
EMA
New Drug Application (NDA)
New Drug Application (NDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Norepinephrine bitartrate
Tradename | Company | Number | Date | Products |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOREPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE IN 5% DEXTROSE | Baxter | N-214313 RX | 2021-01-15 | 3 products, RLD, RS |
| LEVOPHED | Hospira | N-007513 RX | 1982-01-01 | 1 products, RLD, RS |
| NOREPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE IN 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE | InfoRLife | N-215700 RX | 2022-09-15 | 4 products, RLD, RS |
| NOREPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE IN 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE | Long Grove Pharmaceuticals | N-214628 RX | 2022-10-06 | 3 products, RLD, RS |
Labels
FDA
EMA
Brand Name | Status | Last Update |
|---|---|---|
| levophed | New Drug Application | 2025-06-12 |
| levophed(r) norepinephrine bitartrate | New Drug Application | 2021-02-05 |
| norepinephrine | New Drug Application | 2025-12-04 |
| norepinephrine bitartrate | New Drug Application | 2026-02-06 |
| norepinephrine bitartrate in sodium chloride | New Drug Application | 2026-02-17 |
Indications
FDA
EMA
Indication | Ontology | MeSH | ICD-10 |
|---|---|---|---|
| hypotension | EFO_0005251 | D007022 | I95 |
| shock | — | D012769 | R57.1 |
Agency Specific
FDA
EMA
No data
Patent Expiration
Patent | Expires | Flag | FDA Information |
|---|---|---|---|
| Norepinephrine Bitartrate, Norepinephrine Bitartrate In 0.9% Sodium Chloride, Inforlife | |||
| 10888534 | 2039-04-26 | DP | |
| Norepinephrine Bitartrate, Norepinephrine Bitartrate In 0.9% Sodium Chloride, Long Grove Pharms | |||
| 10159657 | 2038-01-30 | DP | |
| 10226436 | 2038-01-30 | DP | U-3461 |
| 10420735 | 2038-01-30 | DP | U-3461 |
| 10568850 | 2038-01-30 | DP | |
| 11413259 | 2038-01-30 | DP | U-3461 |
| 11602508 | 2038-01-30 | DP | |
HCPCS
No data
Clinical
Clinical Trials
832 clinical trials
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Indications Phases 4
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypotension | D007022 | EFO_0005251 | I95 | 3 | 7 | 19 | 36 | 69 | 130 |
| Septic shock | D012772 | — | A48.3 | 2 | 17 | 24 | 17 | 52 | 103 |
| Shock | D012769 | — | R57.1 | 1 | 14 | 17 | 15 | 56 | 97 |
| Major depressive disorder | D003865 | EFO_0003761 | F22 | 5 | 8 | 18 | 8 | 18 | 56 |
| Depression | D003863 | — | F33.9 | 4 | 10 | 14 | 9 | 19 | 55 |
| Depressive disorder | D003866 | EFO_1002014 | F32.A | 4 | 7 | 13 | 11 | 17 | 52 |
| Sepsis | D018805 | EFO_0001420 | A41.9 | 1 | 6 | 9 | 7 | 22 | 40 |
| Acute kidney injury | D058186 | — | N17 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 25 | 33 |
| Orthostatic hypotension | D007024 | — | I95.1 | 4 | 7 | 12 | 5 | 2 | 26 |
| Obstetric labor complications | D007744 | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 14 | 7 | 23 |
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Indications Phases 3
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hemorrhage | D006470 | MP_0001914 | R58 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 8 | 10 |
| Autonomic nervous system diseases | D001342 | EFO_0009532 | G90 | 3 | 4 | 1 | — | 5 | 9 |
| Ischemic stroke | D000083242 | — | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | 4 | 8 |
| Heart failure | D006333 | EFO_0003144 | I50 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 5 | 7 |
| Heart diseases | D006331 | EFO_0003777 | I51.9 | — | 1 | 3 | — | 3 | 7 |
| Cardiac surgical procedures | D006348 | — | — | — | — | 2 | — | 5 | 7 |
| Fibrosis | D005355 | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | — | 4 | 7 |
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage | D013345 | EFO_0000713 | I60 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 5 | 7 |
| Primary dysautonomias | D054969 | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 4 | 6 |
| Fibromyalgia | D005356 | EFO_0005687 | M79.1 | — | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | 5 |
Show 47 more
Indications Phases 2
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular diseases | D002318 | EFO_0000319 | I98 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 5 | 7 |
| Substance-related disorders | D019966 | EFO_0003890 | F13 | 4 | 2 | — | — | 1 | 7 |
| Coronary artery disease | D003324 | — | I25.1 | — | 1 | — | — | 5 | 6 |
| Pheochromocytoma | D010673 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | 3 | 5 |
| Hemorrhagic shock | D012771 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | 4 | 5 |
| Brain injuries | D001930 | — | S06.9 | — | 1 | — | — | 4 | 5 |
| Renal insufficiency | D051437 | — | N19 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 3 | 4 |
| Syncope | D013575 | — | G90.01 | — | 2 | — | — | 2 | 4 |
| Traumatic brain injuries | D000070642 | — | S06 | — | 1 | — | — | 3 | 4 |
| Drug-related side effects and adverse reactions | D064420 | — | T88.7 | — | 1 | — | — | 3 | 4 |
Show 45 more
Indications Phases 1
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy volunteers/patients | — | — | — | 4 | — | — | — | 8 | 12 |
| Obesity | D009765 | EFO_0001073 | E66.9 | 2 | — | — | — | 6 | 8 |
| Amphetamine-related disorders | D019969 | EFO_0004701 | F15 | 4 | — | — | — | 1 | 5 |
| Alzheimer disease | D000544 | EFO_0000249 | F03 | 1 | — | — | — | 4 | 5 |
| Aging | D000375 | GO_0007568 | R41.81 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 | 3 |
| Chronic kidney failure | D007676 | EFO_0003884 | N18.6 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Blood circulation | D001775 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | D029424 | EFO_0000341 | J44.9 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Pulmonary arterial hypertension | D000081029 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Familial primary pulmonary hypertension | D065627 | — | I27.0 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
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Indications Without Phase
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heart arrest | D006323 | EFO_0009492 | I46 | — | — | — | — | 5 | 5 |
| Carotid endarterectomy | D016894 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 4 |
| Intraoperative complications | D007431 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 |
| Cardiopulmonary bypass | D002315 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 |
| Obstetrical anesthesia | D000773 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 |
| Brain diseases | D001927 | — | G93.40 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 |
| Cardiac output | D002302 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 |
| Myocardial ischemia | D017202 | EFO_1001375 | I20-I25 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 |
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder | D009771 | EFO_0004242 | F42 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Mental disorders | D001523 | EFO_0000677 | F91.9 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
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Epidemiology
Epidemiological information for investigational and approved indications
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Drug
General
| Drug common name | Norepinephrine |
| INN | norepinephrine |
| Description | (R)-noradrenaline is the R-enantiomer of noradrenaline. It has a role as a vasoconstrictor agent, an alpha-adrenergic agonist, a sympathomimetic agent, a mouse metabolite and a neurotransmitter. It is a conjugate base of a (R)-noradrenaline(1+). It is an enantiomer of a (S)-noradrenaline. |
| Classification | Small molecule |
| Drug class | — |
| Image (chem structure or protein) |  |
| Structure (InChI/SMILES or Protein Sequence) | NC[C@H](O)c1ccc(O)c(O)c1 |
Identifiers
| PDB | — |
| CAS-ID | 51-41-2 |
| RxCUI | — |
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL1437 |
| ChEBI ID | 18357 |
| PubChem CID | 439260 |
| DrugBank | DB00368 |
| UNII ID | X4W3ENH1CV (ChemIDplus, GSRS) |
Target
Agency Approved
No data
Alternate
ADRA1D
ADRA1D
ADRB1
ADRB1
Organism
Homo sapiens
Gene name
ADRA1D
Gene synonyms
ADRA1A
NCBI Gene ID
Protein name
alpha-1D adrenergic receptor
Protein synonyms
adrenergic, alpha -1D-, receptor, adrenergic, alpha-1A-, receptor, Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor, Alpha-1D adrenoceptor, Alpha-1D adrenoreceptor, Alpha-adrenergic receptor 1a
Uniprot ID
Mouse ortholog
Adra1d (11550)
alpha-1D adrenergic receptor (P97714)
Variants
No data
Financial
No data
Trends
PubMed Central
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Safety
Black-box Warning
No Black-box warning
Adverse Events
Top Adverse Reactions
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7,050 adverse events reported
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