Melatonin
Circadin, Melatonin, Slenyto (melatonin) is a small molecule pharmaceutical. Melatonin was first approved as Circadin on 2007-06-29. It is used to treat jet lag syndrome and seasonal affective disorder in the USA. It has been approved in Europe to treat autistic disorder and sleep initiation and maintenance disorders. The pharmaceutical is active against melatonin receptor type 1B and melatonin receptor type 1A. In addition, it is known to target 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B.
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EMA
Brand Name | Status | Last Update |
|---|---|---|
| 24 / 7 life extra strength pain reliever | OTC monograph final | 2023-07-19 |
| 24 / 7 life extra strength pain reliever pm | OTC monograph not final | 2023-07-19 |
| cardinal health | OTC monograph final | 2022-12-12 |
| cvs health earwax removal drops earwax removal aid | C200263 | 2024-06-24 |
| cvs health earwax removal kit | C200263 | 2024-06-17 |
| cvs health first aid outdoor prep-pack | OTC monograph not final | 2017-01-20 |
| cvs health nighttime sleep aid | OTC monograph final | 2017-10-18 |
| cvs health nighttime sleep-aid | C200263 | 2024-08-21 |
| dg health sleep aid | C200263 | 2024-07-17 |
| extra strength antacid tablets, 24/7 life extra strength antacid tablets, caseys 4good | OTC monograph final | 2023-08-16 |
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Indications
FDA
EMA
Indication | Ontology | MeSH | ICD-10 |
|---|---|---|---|
| sleep initiation and maintenance disorders | â | D007319 | F51.01 |
| jet lag syndrome | â | D020179 | G47.25 |
| seasonal affective disorder | â | D016574 | â |
| autistic disorder | HP_0000717 | D001321 | F84.0 |
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Clinical
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8184 clinical trials
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Indications Phases 4
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression | D003863 | â | F33.9 | 12 | 28 | 15 | 5 | 446 | 491 |
| Diabetes mellitus | D003920 | HP_0000819 | E08-E13 | 10 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 305 | 330 |
| Breast neoplasms | D001943 | EFO_0003869 | C50 | 8 | 21 | 9 | 1 | 242 | 277 |
| Obesity | D009765 | EFO_0001073 | E66.9 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 221 | 237 |
| Mental disorders | D001523 | EFO_0000677 | F91.9 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 221 | 234 |
| Anxiety | D001007 | EFO_0005230 | F41.1 | 4 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 190 | 206 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | D003924 | EFO_0001360 | E11 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 181 | 196 |
| Hypertension | D006973 | EFO_0000537 | I10 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 179 | 194 |
| Depressive disorder | D003866 | EFO_1002014 | F32.A | 4 | 16 | 9 | 4 | 163 | 187 |
| Covid-19 | D000086382 | â | â | 4 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 166 | 180 |
Show 232 more
Indications Phases 3
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neoplasms | D009369 | â | C80 | 6 | 19 | 13 | â | 270 | 305 |
| Hiv infections | D015658 | EFO_0000764 | B20 | 3 | 2 | 4 | â | 130 | 137 |
| Cardiovascular diseases | D002318 | HP_0001626 | â | 3 | 2 | 4 | â | 128 | 136 |
| Overweight | D050177 | â | E66.3 | 2 | 5 | 4 | â | 85 | 94 |
| Sleep | D012890 | GO_0030431 | â | 3 | 2 | 2 | â | 87 | 93 |
| Asthma | D001249 | EFO_0000270 | J45 | 1 | 4 | 7 | â | 82 | 92 |
| Exercise | D015444 | EFO_0000483 | â | 2 | 2 | 1 | â | 88 | 91 |
| Health behavior | D015438 | â | â | 1 | 1 | 1 | â | 84 | 87 |
| Psychological distress | D000079225 | â | â | 2 | 2 | 1 | â | 75 | 79 |
| Obstructive lung diseases | D008173 | HP_0006536 | â | â | 2 | 1 | â | 73 | 76 |
Show 165 more
Indications Phases 2
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pediatric obesity | D063766 | â | â | 1 | 2 | â | â | 64 | 66 |
| Knee osteoarthritis | D020370 | EFO_0004616 | M17 | 2 | 3 | â | â | 43 | 47 |
| Caregiver burden | D000084802 | â | â | â | 1 | â | â | 35 | 36 |
| Feeding and eating disorders | D001068 | â | F50 | 4 | 1 | â | â | 28 | 32 |
| Healthy diet | D000072001 | â | â | 1 | 1 | â | â | 30 | 32 |
| Enuresis | D004775 | â | R32 | â | 1 | â | â | 30 | 31 |
| Adolescent behavior | D000294 | â | â | 1 | 2 | â | â | 28 | 30 |
| Body weight | D001835 | EFO_0004338 | â | 1 | 1 | â | â | 28 | 30 |
| Endometriosis | D004715 | EFO_0001065 | N80 | â | 1 | â | â | 21 | 22 |
| Brain neoplasms | D001932 | EFO_0003833 | C71 | â | 3 | â | â | 19 | 22 |
Show 149 more
Indications Phases 1
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aging | D000375 | GO_0007568 | R41.81 | 1 | â | â | â | 61 | 62 |
| Type 1 diabetes mellitus | D003922 | EFO_0001359 | E10 | 1 | â | â | â | 44 | 45 |
| Suicidal ideation | D059020 | EFO_0004320 | R45.851 | 1 | â | â | â | 34 | 35 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | D001172 | EFO_0000685 | M06.9 | 2 | â | â | â | 29 | 31 |
| Psychological burnout | D000077062 | â | â | 1 | â | â | â | 27 | 28 |
| Self efficacy | D020377 | â | â | 1 | â | â | â | 23 | 24 |
| Cerebral palsy | D002547 | â | G80 | 1 | â | â | â | 21 | 22 |
| Blood pressure | D001794 | EFO_0004325 | â | 1 | â | â | â | 20 | 21 |
| Respiratory tract infections | D012141 | â | J06.9 | 1 | â | â | â | 18 | 19 |
| Hypersensitivity | D006967 | HP_0012393 | T78.40 | 2 | â | â | â | 17 | 19 |
Show 88 more
Indications Without Phase
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Suicide | D013405 | â | â | â | â | â | â | 60 | 60 |
| Mental health | D008603 | EFO_0003935 | â | â | â | â | â | 58 | 58 |
| Feeding behavior | D005247 | â | â | â | â | â | â | 38 | 38 |
| Medication adherence | D055118 | EFO_0006344 | â | â | â | â | â | 34 | 34 |
| Coronary disease | D003327 | â | â | â | â | â | â | 33 | 33 |
| Colonic neoplasms | D003110 | â | C18 | â | â | â | â | 33 | 33 |
| Child development | D002657 | â | â | â | â | â | â | 29 | 29 |
| Pneumonia | D011014 | EFO_0003106 | â | â | â | â | â | 24 | 24 |
| Suicide prevention | D000092864 | â | â | â | â | â | â | 24 | 24 |
| Patient participation | D010358 | â | â | â | â | â | â | 24 | 24 |
Show 1320 more
Epidemiology
Epidemiological information for investigational and approved indications
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Drug
General
| Drug common name | Melatonin |
| INN | â |
| Description | Melatonin is a member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen atom is replaced by a 2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl group. It is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland in humans. It has a role as a hormone, an anticonvulsant, an immunological adjuvant, a radical scavenger, a central nervous system depressant, a human metabolite, a mouse metabolite and a geroprotector. It is a member of acetamides and a member of tryptamines. It is functionally related to a tryptamine. |
| Classification | Small molecule |
| Drug class | â |
| Image (chem structure or protein) |  |
| Structure (InChI/SMILES or Protein Sequence) | COc1ccc2[nH]cc(CCNC(C)=O)c2c1 |
Target
Alternate
NQO2
NQO2
Organism
Homo sapiens
Gene name
NQO2
Gene synonyms
NMOR2
NCBI Gene ID
Protein name
ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]
Protein synonyms
N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide:quinone reductase 2, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 2, NAD(P)H menadione oxidoreductase-1, dioxin-inducible-2, NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 2, NRH dehydrogenase [quinone] 2, NRH:quinone oxidoreductase 2, QR2, Quinone reductase 2, ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase
Uniprot ID
Mouse ortholog
Nqo2 (18105)
ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone] (Q9JI75)
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Melatonin
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Trends
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Safety
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3,853 adverse events reported
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