Liothyronine
Cytomel, Liothyronine (liothyronine) is a small molecule pharmaceutical. Liothyronine was first approved as Cytomel on 1982-01-01. It is used to treat autoimmune thyroiditis, goiter, myxedema, thyroid neoplasms, and thyrotoxicosis in the USA. The pharmaceutical is active against thyroid hormone receptor beta and thyroid hormone receptor alpha.
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Commercial
Therapeutic Areas
Trade Name
FDA
EMA
Cytomel, Liothyronine (discontinued: Liothyronine, Triostat)
Drug Products
FDA
EMA
New Drug Application (NDA)
New Drug Application (NDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Liothyronine sodium
Tradename | Company | Number | Date | Products |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CYTOMEL | King Pharmaceuticals | N-010379 RX | 1982-01-01 | 3 products, RLD |
Show 1 discontinued
Labels
FDA
EMA
Brand Name | Status | Last Update |
|---|---|---|
| cytomel | New Drug Application | 2025-04-04 |
| evexithroid | unapproved drug other | 2025-10-12 |
| liomny | ANDA | 2025-11-21 |
| liothyronine sodium | ANDA | 2026-02-09 |
| np thyroid | unapproved drug other | 2021-05-11 |
| np thyroid 120 | unapproved drug other | 2025-12-09 |
| np thyroid 120 np thyroid 15 np thyroid 30 np thyroid 60 np thyroid 90 | unapproved drug other | 2026-01-27 |
| np thyroid 15 | unapproved drug other | 2026-01-20 |
| np thyroid 30 | unapproved drug other | 2025-12-09 |
| np thyroid 60 | unapproved drug other | 2026-01-01 |
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Indications
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Clinical
Clinical Trials
861 clinical trials
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Indications Phases 4
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thyroid diseases | D013959 | — | E00-E07 | — | 5 | 2 | 2 | 20 | 28 |
| Hypothyroidism | D007037 | EFO_0004705 | E03.9 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 11 | 21 |
| Depression | D003863 | — | F33.9 | 1 | — | 1 | 4 | 12 | 18 |
| Prostatic neoplasms | D011471 | — | C61 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 8 | 17 |
| Pain | D010146 | EFO_0003843 | R52 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 11 | 14 |
| Syndrome | D013577 | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 14 |
| Thyroid neoplasms | D013964 | EFO_0003841 | — | 1 | 3 | — | 2 | 7 | 13 |
| Head and neck neoplasms | D006258 | — | — | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 12 |
| Heart diseases | D006331 | EFO_0003777 | I51.9 | 1 | — | — | 3 | 7 | 11 |
| Diabetes mellitus | D003920 | EFO_0000400 | E08-E13 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | 7 | 11 |
Show 53 more
Indications Phases 3
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breast neoplasms | D001943 | EFO_0003869 | C50 | 2 | 9 | 4 | — | 26 | 40 |
| Rectal neoplasms | D012004 | — | — | 2 | 15 | 4 | — | 11 | 32 |
| Postoperative pain | D010149 | — | G89.18 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 21 | 23 |
| Neoplasms | D009369 | — | C80 | — | 6 | 1 | — | 16 | 23 |
| Lung neoplasms | D008175 | — | C34.90 | 2 | 4 | 1 | — | 12 | 19 |
| Colorectal neoplasms | D015179 | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | — | 12 | 16 |
| Carcinoma | D002277 | — | C80.0 | 3 | 6 | 4 | — | 4 | 15 |
| Obesity | D009765 | EFO_0001073 | E66.9 | 3 | — | 1 | — | 8 | 12 |
| Non-small-cell lung carcinoma | D002289 | — | — | 1 | 3 | 2 | — | 6 | 12 |
| Cognitive dysfunction | D060825 | — | G31.84 | — | — | 1 | — | 10 | 11 |
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Indications Phases 2
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy volunteers/patients | — | — | — | 20 | 1 | — | — | 10 | 30 |
| Stroke | D020521 | EFO_0000712 | I63.9 | 2 | 1 | — | — | 19 | 21 |
| Covid-19 | D000086382 | — | U07.1 | — | 2 | — | — | 8 | 10 |
| Hallucinations | D006212 | — | F06.0 | — | 1 | — | — | 9 | 10 |
| Renal cell carcinoma | D002292 | EFO_0000376 | — | — | 3 | — | — | 4 | 7 |
| Chronic pain | D059350 | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | 5 | 7 |
| Autism spectrum disorder | D000067877 | — | F84.0 | — | 1 | — | — | 6 | 7 |
| Asthma | D001249 | EFO_0000270 | J45 | 1 | 3 | — | — | 4 | 7 |
| Heart failure | D006333 | EFO_0003144 | I50 | 3 | 4 | — | — | 3 | 7 |
| Wounds and injuries | D014947 | — | T14.8 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 6 | 7 |
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Indications Phases 1
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | D003924 | EFO_0001360 | E11 | 1 | — | — | — | 7 | 8 |
| Analgesia | D000698 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | 5 | 6 |
| Multiple sclerosis | D009103 | EFO_0003885 | G35 | 2 | — | — | — | 4 | 6 |
| Chronic renal insufficiency | D051436 | — | N18 | 1 | — | — | — | 4 | 5 |
| Brain neoplasms | D001932 | EFO_0003833 | C71 | 1 | — | — | — | 4 | 5 |
| Overweight | D050177 | — | E66.3 | 1 | — | — | — | 4 | 5 |
| Hiv infections | D015658 | EFO_0000764 | B20 | 2 | — | — | — | 2 | 4 |
| Myofascial pain syndromes | D009209 | EFO_1001054 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 3 | 4 |
| Fibromyalgia | D005356 | EFO_0005687 | M79.1 | 1 | — | — | — | 3 | 4 |
| Follicular adenocarcinoma | D018263 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | 2 | 3 |
Show 31 more
Indications Without Phase
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise | D015444 | EFO_0000483 | — | — | — | — | — | 11 | 11 |
| Hyperhidrosis | D006945 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 10 | 10 |
| Mental disorders | D001523 | EFO_0000677 | F91.9 | — | — | — | — | 10 | 10 |
| Schizophrenia | D012559 | EFO_0000692 | F20 | — | — | — | — | 10 | 10 |
| Anxiety | D001007 | EFO_0005230 | F41.1 | — | — | — | — | 7 | 7 |
| Parkinson disease | D010300 | EFO_0002508 | G20 | — | — | — | — | 7 | 7 |
| Anxiety disorders | D001008 | EFO_0006788 | F41.1 | — | — | — | — | 7 | 7 |
| Inflammation | D007249 | MP_0001845 | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | 6 |
| Aging | D000375 | GO_0007568 | R41.81 | — | — | — | — | 6 | 6 |
| Traumatic brain injuries | D000070642 | — | S06 | — | — | — | — | 5 | 5 |
Show 485 more
Epidemiology
Epidemiological information for investigational and approved indications
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Drug
General
| Drug common name | Liothyronine |
| INN | liothyronine |
| Description | 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine is an iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism. It has a role as a thyroid hormone, a human metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is an iodophenol, a 2-halophenol and an iodothyronine. It is a conjugate acid of a 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyroninate. It is a tautomer of a 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine zwitterion. |
| Classification | Small molecule |
| Drug class | — |
| Image (chem structure or protein) |  |
| Structure (InChI/SMILES or Protein Sequence) | N[C@@H](Cc1cc(I)c(Oc2ccc(O)c(I)c2)c(I)c1)C(=O)O |
Identifiers
| PDB | — |
| CAS-ID | 6893-02-3 |
| RxCUI | — |
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL1544 |
| ChEBI ID | 18258 |
| PubChem CID | 5920 |
| DrugBank | DB00279 |
| UNII ID | 06LU7C9H1V (ChemIDplus, GSRS) |
Target
Agency Approved
THRA
THRA
Organism
Homo sapiens
Gene name
THRA
Gene synonyms
EAR7, ERBA1, NR1A1, THRA1, THRA2
NCBI Gene ID
Protein name
thyroid hormone receptor alpha
Protein synonyms
c-erbA protooncogene, c-erbA-1, c-erbA-alpha, EAR-7, ERBA-related 7, Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group A member 1, thyroid hormone receptor alpha 1, thyroid hormone receptor, alpha (erythroblastic leukemia viral (v-erb-a) oncogene homolog, avian), triiodothyronine receptor, V-erbA-related protein 7
Uniprot ID
Mouse ortholog
Thra (21833)
thyroid hormone receptor alpha (Q99146)
Alternate
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Variants
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Financial
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Estimated US medical usage
Liothyronine
Total medical expenditures per year (USD, in millions)
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Trends
PubMed Central
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Additional graphs summarizing 186,659 documents
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Safety
Black-box Warning
Black-box warning for: Cytomel, Liomny, Liothyronine sodium, Np thyroid 60, Np thyroid 90
Adverse Events
Top Adverse Reactions
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4,769 adverse events reported
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