Isoflurane
Forane, Isoflurane (isoflurane) is a small molecule pharmaceutical. Isoflurane was first approved as Forane on 1982-01-01. It is used to treat depressive disorder and status asthmaticus in the USA. It is known to target potassium channel subfamily K member 16, potassium channel subfamily K member 3, potassium channel subfamily K member 2, and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1.
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Commercial
Therapeutic Areas
Trade Name
FDA
EMA
Forane, Isoflurane (discontinued: Isoflurane)
Labels
FDA
EMA
Brand Name | Status | Last Update |
|---|---|---|
| forane | New Drug Application | 2024-12-09 |
| isoflurane | ANDA | 2026-01-05 |
| isoflurane, (volatile for inhalation) | ANDA | 2026-03-30 |
| terrell | ANDA | 2026-04-13 |
Indications
FDA
EMA
Indication | Ontology | MeSH | ICD-10 |
|---|---|---|---|
| status asthmaticus | — | D013224 | — |
| depressive disorder | EFO_1002014 | D003866 | F32.A |
Agency Specific
FDA
EMA
No data
Patent Expiration
No data
HCPCS
No data
Clinical
Clinical Trials
203 clinical trials
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Indications Phases 4
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anesthesia | D000758 | — | — | 1 | — | 2 | 5 | 10 | 18 |
| Postoperative pain | D010149 | — | G89.18 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 17 |
| Delirium | D003693 | — | R41.0 | — | — | 1 | 5 | 2 | 8 |
| Coronary artery disease | D003324 | — | I25.1 | 1 | — | — | 3 | 3 | 7 |
| Heart diseases | D006331 | EFO_0003777 | I51.9 | 2 | — | — | 2 | 3 | 7 |
| Emergence delirium | D000071257 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 |
| Cognitive dysfunction | D060825 | — | G31.84 | — | — | — | 2 | 4 | 6 |
| General anesthesia | D000768 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 3 | 5 |
| Analgesia | D000698 | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| Postoperative cognitive complications | D000079690 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 4 | 5 |
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Indications Phases 3
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agnosia | D000377 | EFO_0007136 | F88 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 3 | 4 |
| Myocardial infarction | D009203 | EFO_0000612 | I21 | 1 | 2 | 2 | — | — | 3 |
| Ischemia | D007511 | EFO_0000556 | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 3 |
| Respiratory insufficiency | D012131 | — | J96.9 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 3 |
| Respiratory aspiration | D053120 | EFO_1001839 | — | — | — | 2 | — | 1 | 3 |
| Aortic valve insufficiency | D001022 | EFO_0007148 | — | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | 3 |
| Mitral valve insufficiency | D008944 | — | — | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | 3 |
| Inguinal hernia | D006552 | HP_0000023 | K40 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 2 |
| Heart septal defects | D006343 | — | Q21 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 2 |
| Covid-19 | D000086382 | — | U07.1 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 2 |
Show 19 more
Indications Phases 2
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression | D003863 | — | F33.9 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | D029424 | EFO_0000341 | J44.9 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Cesarean section | D002585 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Opioid-related disorders | D009293 | EFO_0005611 | F11 | — | 2 | — | — | — | 2 |
| Substance-related disorders | D019966 | EFO_0003890 | F13 | — | 2 | — | — | — | 2 |
| Treatment-resistant depressive disorder | D061218 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| Major depressive disorder | D003865 | EFO_0003761 | F22 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| Depressive disorder | D003866 | EFO_1002014 | F32.A | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| Obstructive lung diseases | D008173 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| Pregnancy | D011247 | EFO_0002950 | Z33.1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
Indications Phases 1
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tympanic membrane perforation | D018058 | — | H72 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Delayed emergence from anesthesia | D055191 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Muscle hypotonia | D009123 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Wounds and injuries | D014947 | — | T14.8 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
Indications Without Phase
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiopulmonary bypass | D002315 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 |
| Knee osteoarthritis | D020370 | EFO_0004616 | M17 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Neurotoxicity syndromes | D020258 | — | G92 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Surgical blood loss | D016063 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Brain neoplasms | D001932 | EFO_0003833 | C71 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Congenital heart defects | D006330 | — | Q24.9 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Artificial respiration | D012121 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Critical illness | D016638 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Newborn infant diseases | D007232 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Cleft lip | D002971 | EFO_0003959 | Q36 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
Show 54 more
Epidemiology
Epidemiological information for investigational and approved indications
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Drug
General
| Drug common name | Isoflurane |
| INN | isoflurane |
| Description | Isoflurane is an organofluorine compound. It has a role as an inhalation anaesthetic. It is functionally related to a methoxyethane. |
| Classification | Small molecule |
| Drug class | general inhalation anesthetics (halogenated alkane derivatives) |
| Image (chem structure or protein) |  |
| Structure (InChI/SMILES or Protein Sequence) | FC(F)OC(Cl)C(F)(F)F |
Identifiers
| PDB | — |
| CAS-ID | 26675-46-7 |
| RxCUI | — |
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL1256 |
| ChEBI ID | 6015 |
| PubChem CID | 3763 |
| DrugBank | DB00753 |
| UNII ID | CYS9AKD70P (ChemIDplus, GSRS) |
Target
Agency Approved
No data
Alternate
KCNK2
KCNK2
Organism
Homo sapiens
Gene name
KCNK2
Gene synonyms
TREK, TREK1
NCBI Gene ID
Protein name
potassium channel subfamily K member 2
Protein synonyms
K2P2.1 potassium channel, Outward rectifying potassium channel protein TREK-1, potassium channel, two pore domain subfamily K, member 2, potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily K, member 2, tandem-pore-domain potassium channel TREK-1, TREK-1 K(+) channel subunit, TWIK-related potassium channel 1, Two pore domain potassium channel TREK-1, Two pore potassium channel TPKC1, two-pore potassium channel 1
Uniprot ID
Mouse ortholog
Kcnk2 (16526)
potassium channel subfamily K member 2 (Q4VQI2)
Variants
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Financial
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Trends
PubMed Central
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Safety
Black-box Warning
No Black-box warning
Adverse Events
Top Adverse Reactions
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1,666 adverse events reported
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