Ephedrine
Akovaz, Corphedra, Emerphed, Ephedrine, Rezipres (ephedrine) is a small molecule pharmaceutical. Ephedrine was first approved as Akovaz on 2016-04-29. It is used to treat asthma, bronchial spasm, orthostatic hypotension, and rhinitis in the USA. The pharmaceutical is active against beta-2 adrenergic receptor.
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Commercial
Trade Name
FDA
EMA
Akovaz, Corphedra, Emerphed, Ephedrine, Rezipres (discontinued: Ephedrine, Rezipres)
Drug Products
FDA
EMA
New Drug Application (NDA)
New Drug Application (NDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Ephedrine hydrochloride
Tradename | Company | Number | Date | Products |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| REZIPRES | Dr Reddys Laboratories | N-213536 RX | 2023-12-07 | 1 products, RLD, RS |
Show 1 discontinued
Ephedrine sulfate
Tradename | Company | Number | Date | Products |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CORPHEDRA | Endo | N-208943 RX | 2017-01-27 | 1 products |
| EPHEDRINE SULFATE | Endo | N-213994 RX | 2020-10-16 | 2 products, RLD, RS |
| AKOVAZ | Exela Pharma Sciences | N-208289 RX | 2016-04-29 | 2 products, RLD, RS |
| EMERPHED | Nexus Biopharma | N-213407 RX | 2020-04-17 | 2 products, RLD, RS |
Labels
FDA
EMA
Brand Name | Status | Last Update |
|---|---|---|
| akovaz | New Drug Application | 2021-04-01 |
| bronkaid | C200263 | 2024-03-14 |
| emerphed | New Drug Application | 2024-02-14 |
| ephed asthma | OTC monograph final | 2019-03-28 |
| ephed plus | OTC monograph final | 2019-04-02 |
| ephed plus liquid | OTC monograph final | 2019-04-02 |
| ephedrine hydrochloride | C200263 | 2023-12-14 |
| ephedrine sulfate | ANDA | 2025-01-20 |
| primatene | C200263 | 2024-11-07 |
| red label ephedrine plus | OTC monograph final | 2019-04-02 |
Show 4 more
Indications
FDA
EMA
Indication | Ontology | MeSH | ICD-10 |
|---|---|---|---|
| orthostatic hypotension | — | D007024 | I95.1 |
| asthma | EFO_0000270 | D001249 | J45 |
| rhinitis | EFO_0008521 | D012220 | J31 |
| bronchial spasm | — | D001986 | — |
Agency Specific
FDA
EMA
No data
ATC Codes
A: Alimentary tract and metabolism drugs
— A08: Antiobesity preparations, excl. diet products
— A08A: Antiobesity preparations, excl. diet products
— A08AA: Centrally acting antiobesity products
— A08AA56: Ephedrine, combinations
C: Cardiovascular system drugs
— C01: Cardiac therapy drugs
— C01C: Cardiac stimulants excl. cardiac glycosides
— C01CA: Adrenergic and dopaminergic cardiac stimulants
— C01CA26: Ephedrine
R: Respiratory system drugs
— R01: Nasal preparations
— R01A: Decongestants and other nasal preparations for topical use
— R01AA: Sympathomimetics, plain
— R01AA03: Ephedrine
— R01AB: Sympathomimetics, combinations excl. corticosteroids
— R01AB05: Ephedrine
— R03: Drugs for obstructive airway diseases
— R03C: Adrenergics for systemic use
— R03CA: Alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor agonist, systemic drugs
— R03CA02: Ephedrine
S: Sensory organ drugs
— S01: Ophthalmologicals
— S01F: Mydriatics and cycloplegics
— S01FB: Sympathomimetics excl. antiglaucoma preparations
— S01FB02: Ephedrine
HCPCS
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Clinical
Clinical Trials
274 clinical trials
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Indications Phases 4
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypotension | D007022 | EFO_0005251 | I95 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 13 | 32 | 56 |
| Rhinitis | D012220 | EFO_0008521 | J31 | 2 | 5 | 11 | 6 | 11 | 35 |
| Allergic rhinitis | D065631 | — | J30.9 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 10 | 28 |
| Cesarean section | D002585 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 6 | 9 | 17 |
| Spinal anesthesia | D000775 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 13 |
| Allergic rhinitis seasonal | D006255 | EFO_0003956 | J30 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 12 |
| Anesthesia | D000758 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 8 | 11 |
| Common cold | D003139 | EFO_0007214 | J00 | 1 | — | 5 | 2 | 2 | 10 |
| Sinusitis | D012852 | EFO_0007486 | J32 | — | 1 | — | 2 | 6 | 9 |
| Rhinosinusitis | D000096825 | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 5 | 8 |
Show 34 more
Indications Phases 3
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Obesity | D009765 | EFO_0001073 | E66.9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 5 | 8 |
| Vomiting | D014839 | — | R11.1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 2 | 4 |
| Pharyngitis | D010612 | — | R07.0 | — | — | 1 | — | 2 | 3 |
| Postoperative nausea and vomiting | D020250 | EFO_0004888 | — | — | — | 1 | — | 2 | 3 |
| Allergic rhinitis perennial | D012221 | EFO_1001417 | J30.89 | — | — | 2 | — | 1 | 3 |
| Vasomotor rhinitis | D012223 | EFO_0007533 | J30.0 | — | — | 2 | — | 1 | 3 |
| Inflammation | D007249 | MP_0001845 | — | — | — | 2 | — | 1 | 3 |
| Postoperative cognitive complications | D000079690 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | 2 | 3 |
| Obstetrical anesthesia | D000773 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | 2 |
| Cognitive dysfunction | D060825 | — | G31.84 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 2 |
Show 16 more
Indications Phases 2
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hiv infections | D015658 | EFO_0000764 | B20 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Intratracheal intubation | D007442 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Blood coagulation disorders | D001778 | EFO_0009314 | D68.9 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| Hemostatic disorders | D020141 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| Lacrimal duct obstruction | D007767 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| Pain | D010146 | EFO_0003843 | R52 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| Lambert-eaton myasthenic syndrome | D015624 | EFO_0020094 | G70.80 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| Congenital myasthenic syndromes | D020294 | Orphanet_590 | G70.2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| Nausea | D009325 | — | R11.0 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| Urinary incontinence | D014549 | — | R32 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
Show 3 more
Indications Phases 1
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy volunteers/patients | — | — | — | 15 | — | — | — | 7 | 22 |
| Malnutrition | D044342 | EFO_0008572 | E40-E46 | 6 | — | — | — | 2 | 8 |
| Pure autonomic failure | D054970 | — | — | 3 | — | — | — | — | 3 |
| Hemorrhage | D006470 | MP_0001914 | R58 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 | 3 |
| Hypersensitivity | D006967 | EFO_0003785 | T78.40 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 2 |
| Hypertension | D006973 | EFO_0000537 | I10 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Shy-drager syndrome | D012791 | EFO_1001050 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | 2 |
| Multiple system atrophy | D019578 | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | 2 |
| Orthostatic hypotension | D007024 | — | I95.1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Ear diseases | D004427 | EFO_1001455 | H93.9 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
Show 6 more
Indications Without Phase
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Postoperative pain | D010149 | — | G89.18 | — | — | — | — | 6 | 6 |
| Hysterectomy | D007044 | EFO_0003881 | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 |
| Breast neoplasms | D001943 | EFO_0003869 | C50 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 |
| Carotid stenosis | D016893 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Hip fractures | D006620 | EFO_0003964 | S72.00 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Pregnancy rate | D018873 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Heart failure | D006333 | EFO_0003144 | I50 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Cardio-renal syndrome | D059347 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Epistaxis | D004844 | EFO_0003895 | R04.0 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Hypoxia | D000860 | — | R09.02 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
Show 79 more
Epidemiology
Epidemiological information for investigational and approved indications
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Drug
General
| Drug common name | Ephedrine |
| INN | — |
| Description | (-)-ephedrine is a phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively. It has a role as a nasal decongestant, a sympathomimetic agent, a vasoconstrictor agent, a xenobiotic, an environmental contaminant, a plant metabolite and a bacterial metabolite. It is a member of phenylethanolamines and a phenethylamine alkaloid. It is a conjugate base of a (-)-ephedrinium. |
| Classification | Small molecule |
| Drug class | sympathomimetics |
| Image (chem structure or protein) |  |
| Structure (InChI/SMILES or Protein Sequence) | CN[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)c1ccccc1 |
Identifiers
| PDB | — |
| CAS-ID | 299-42-3 |
| RxCUI | — |
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL211456 |
| ChEBI ID | 15407 |
| PubChem CID | 9294 |
| DrugBank | DB01364 |
| UNII ID | — |
Target
Agency Approved
ADRB2
ADRB2
Organism
Homo sapiens
Gene name
ADRB2
Gene synonyms
ADRB2R, B2AR
NCBI Gene ID
Protein name
beta-2 adrenergic receptor
Protein synonyms
adrenergic, beta-2-, receptor, surface, adrenoceptor beta 2 surface, Beta-2 adrenoceptor, Beta-2 adrenoreceptor, catecholamine receptor
Uniprot ID
Mouse ortholog
Adrb2 (11555)
beta-2 adrenergic receptor (Q8BH38)
Alternate
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Variants
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Akovaz – Avadel Pharmaceuticals
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Ephedrine
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Guaifenesin
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Ephedrine
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Hydroxyzine
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Theophylline
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Safety
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Adverse Events
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28,203 adverse events reported
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