Dipivefrin
Akpro, Propine (dipivefrin) is a small molecule pharmaceutical. Dipivefrin was first approved as Propine on 1982-01-01. It is used to treat open-angle glaucoma in the USA.
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Commercial
Therapeutic Areas
Therapeutic Area | MeSH |
|---|---|
| eye diseases | D005128 |
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Indications
FDA
EMA
Indication | Ontology | MeSH | ICD-10 |
|---|---|---|---|
| open-angle glaucoma | EFO_0004190 | D005902 | H40.1 |
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Clinical
Clinical Trials
254 clinical trials
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Indications Phases 4
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cataract | D002386 | EFO_0001059 | H26.9 | — | — | 3 | 8 | 86 | 97 |
| Astigmatism | D001251 | EFO_0004222 | H52.2 | — | — | — | 3 | 23 | 26 |
| Myopia | D009216 | EFO_0003927 | H52.1 | — | 1 | 1 | 3 | 17 | 21 |
| Glaucoma | D005901 | EFO_0000516 | H40 | 1 | — | 5 | 2 | 5 | 13 |
| Labor pain | D048949 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 5 | 6 | 12 |
| Dry eye syndromes | D015352 | — | H04.12 | 2 | 2 | — | 4 | 1 | 8 |
| Ocular hypertension | D009798 | EFO_1001069 | H40.0 | — | — | 5 | 2 | — | 7 |
| Analgesia | D000698 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 |
| Agnosia | D000377 | EFO_0007136 | F88 | — | — | — | 2 | 5 | 7 |
| Hypertension | D006973 | EFO_0000537 | I10 | — | — | 4 | 1 | — | 5 |
Show 24 more
Indications Phases 3
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Open-angle glaucoma | D005902 | EFO_0004190 | H40.1 | — | — | 4 | — | 3 | 7 |
| Otitis externa | D010032 | EFO_0009560 | H60 | 1 | 3 | 3 | — | — | 6 |
| Keratoconus | D007640 | EFO_0004223 | H18.6 | — | — | 1 | — | 5 | 6 |
| Otitis | D010031 | — | — | 1 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 4 |
| Bacterial conjunctivitis | D003234 | EFO_1000829 | H10.0 | — | 1 | 2 | — | — | 3 |
| Exfoliation syndrome | D017889 | EFO_0004235 | — | — | — | 1 | — | 2 | 3 |
| Uveitis | D014605 | EFO_1001231 | H20.9 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 2 |
| Anterior uveitis | D014606 | EFO_1000811 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| Iridocyclitis | D015863 | — | H20 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| Otitis media | D010033 | EFO_0004992 | H66.9 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
Show 5 more
Indications Phases 2
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eye diseases | D005128 | EFO_0003966 | H44 | — | 1 | — | — | 4 | 5 |
| Earache | D004433 | — | H92.0 | 1 | 3 | — | — | — | 3 |
| Ear diseases | D004427 | EFO_1001455 | H93.9 | 1 | 3 | — | — | — | 3 |
| Otorhinolaryngologic diseases | D010038 | — | — | 1 | 3 | — | — | — | 3 |
| Infratentorial neoplasms | D015192 | — | C71.7 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
Indications Phases 1
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Autonomic nervous system diseases | D001342 | EFO_0009532 | G90 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Hypotension | D007022 | EFO_0005251 | I95 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Orthostatic hypotension | D007024 | — | I95.1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Nervous system diseases | D009422 | — | G00-G99 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Primary dysautonomias | D054969 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Orthostatic intolerance | D054971 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Choroidal neovascularization | D020256 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Anaphylaxis | D000707 | — | T78.2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Food hypersensitivity | D005512 | EFO_1001890 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Peanut hypersensitivity | D021183 | EFO_0007425 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
Indications Without Phase
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Presbyopia | D011305 | — | H52.4 | — | — | — | — | 16 | 16 |
| Refractive errors | D012030 | HP_0000483 | H52.7 | — | — | — | — | 9 | 9 |
| Aphakia | D001035 | — | H27.0 | — | — | — | — | 7 | 7 |
| Intraocular lenses | D007910 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7 | 7 |
| Cataract extraction | D002387 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 5 |
| Retinal perforations | D012167 | EFO_1001028 | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 4 |
| Epiretinal membrane | D019773 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 4 |
| Anesthesia | D000758 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 |
| Pain | D010146 | EFO_0003843 | R52 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 |
| Visual acuity | D014792 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 |
Show 41 more
Epidemiology
Epidemiological information for investigational and approved indications
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Drug
General
| Drug common name | Dipivefrin |
| INN | dipivefrine |
| Description | Dipivefrin is the dipivalate ester of (+-)-epinephrine (racepinephrine). A pro-drug of epinephrine, the hydrochloride is used topically as eye drops to reduce intra-ocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It has a role as a prodrug, an adrenergic agonist, a sympathomimetic agent, an antiglaucoma drug and an ophthalmology drug. It is a member of ethanolamines and a pivalate ester. It is functionally related to an adrenaline. It is a conjugate base of a dipivefrin(1+). |
| Classification | Small molecule |
| Drug class | Adrenergic receptor agonist; Sympathomimetic |
| Image (chem structure or protein) |  |
| Structure (InChI/SMILES or Protein Sequence) | CNCC(O)c1ccc(OC(=O)C(C)(C)C)c(OC(=O)C(C)(C)C)c1 |
Identifiers
| PDB | — |
| CAS-ID | 52365-63-6 |
| RxCUI | — |
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL1201262 |
| ChEBI ID | 4646 |
| PubChem CID | 3105 |
| DrugBank | DB00449 |
| UNII ID | 8Q1PVL543G (ChemIDplus, GSRS) |
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Dipivefrin
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Trends
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Safety
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20 adverse events reported
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