Clonidine
Catapres, Clonidine, Clorpres, Combipres, Duraclon, Nexiclon, Onyda (clonidine) is a small molecule pharmaceutical. Clonidine was first approved as Combipres on 1982-01-01. It is used to treat attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, diarrhea, dysmenorrhea, glaucoma, and hot flashes amongst others in the USA. The pharmaceutical is active against alpha-2B adrenergic receptor and alpha-2A adrenergic receptor. In addition, it is known to target potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4, potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2, solute carrier family 22 member 1, potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 1, alpha-2C adrenergic receptor, and alpha-1D adrenergic receptor.
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Commercial
Therapeutic Areas
Trade Name
FDA
EMA
Catapres, Clonidine, Duraclon, Javadin, Nexiclon, Onyda (discontinued: Catapres, Clonidine, Duraclon, Kapvay, Nexiclon)
Drug Products
FDA
EMA
New Drug Application (NDA)
New Drug Application (NDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Clonidine hydrochloride
Chlorthalidone
+
Clonidine hydrochloride
Tradename | Company | Number | Date | Products |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| COMBIPRES | Boehringer Ingelheim | N-017503 DISCN | 1982-01-01 | 3 products, RLD |
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Clonidine
Labels
FDA
EMA
Brand Name | Status | Last Update |
|---|---|---|
| catapres | New Drug Application | 2010-12-10 |
| catapres-tts-1 catapres-tts-2 catapres-tts-3 | New Drug Application | 2024-10-11 |
| clondine | ANDA | 2010-03-15 |
| clonidine | ANDA | 2025-09-04 |
| clonidine hci | ANDA | 2022-12-09 |
| clonidine hydrochloride | ANDA | 2025-11-21 |
| clonidine hydrochloride tablets | ANDA | 2009-09-18 |
| clonidine transdermal system | ANDA | 2023-11-28 |
| clonidine transdermal system usp, 0.1 mg/day clonidine transdermal system usp, 0.2 mg/day clonidine transdermal system usp, 0.3 mg/day | NDA authorized generic | 2025-04-17 |
| duraclon | New Drug Application | 2021-03-17 |
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Indications
FDA
EMA
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Agency Specific
FDA
EMA
No data
ATC Codes
C: Cardiovascular system drugs
— C02: Antihypertensives
— C02A: Antiadrenergic agents, centrally acting
— C02AC: Imidazoline receptor agonists
— C02AC01: Clonidine
— C02L: Antihypertensives and diuretics in combination
— C02LC: Imidazoline receptor agonists in combination with diuretics
— C02LC01: Clonidine and diuretics
— C02LC51: Clonidine and diuretics, combinations with other drugs
N: Nervous system drugs
— N02: Analgesics
— N02C: Antimigraine preparations
— N02CX: Other antimigraine preparations in atc
— N02CX02: Clonidine
S: Sensory organ drugs
— S01: Ophthalmologicals
— S01E: Antiglaucoma preparations and miotics
— S01EA: Sympathomimetics in glaucoma therapy
— S01EA04: Clonidine
HCPCS
Code | Description |
|---|---|
| J0735 | Injection, clonidine hydrochloride, 1 mg |
Clinical
Clinical Trials
322 clinical trials
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Indications Phases 4
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Postoperative pain | D010149 | — | G89.18 | 6 | 9 | 5 | 14 | 10 | 39 |
| Pain | D010146 | EFO_0003843 | R52 | 1 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 20 |
| Hypertension | D006973 | EFO_0000537 | I10 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 19 |
| Neonatal abstinence syndrome | D009357 | EFO_0005799 | P96.1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 10 |
| Agnosia | D000377 | EFO_0007136 | F88 | — | 1 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 10 |
| Replacement arthroplasty knee | D019645 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 5 | 3 | 9 |
| Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity | D001289 | EFO_0003888 | F90 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | — | 9 |
| Syndrome | D013577 | — | — | — | 3 | — | 5 | 1 | 9 |
| Knee osteoarthritis | D020370 | EFO_0004616 | M17 | — | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 8 |
| Anesthesia | D000758 | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 8 |
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Indications Phases 3
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetic neuropathies | D003929 | EFO_1000783 | — | — | 4 | 1 | — | — | 5 |
| Substance-related disorders | D019966 | EFO_0003890 | F13 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 4 |
| Laron syndrome | D046150 | Orphanet_633 | E34.321 | — | — | 2 | — | 2 | 4 |
| Heroin dependence | D006556 | EFO_0004240 | — | 1 | — | 2 | — | — | 3 |
| Hernia | D006547 | — | K40-K46 | — | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | 3 |
| Postoperative nausea and vomiting | D020250 | EFO_0004888 | — | — | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | 3 |
| Diabetes mellitus | D003920 | EFO_0000400 | E08-E13 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 3 |
| Morphine dependence | D009021 | EFO_0005612 | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | 2 |
| Renal cell carcinoma | D002292 | EFO_0000376 | — | — | 1 | 2 | — | — | 2 |
| Hyperalgesia | D006930 | — | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 2 |
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Indications Phases 2
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy volunteers/patients | — | — | — | 5 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 7 |
| Neuralgia | D009437 | EFO_0009430 | — | — | 4 | — | — | 1 | 5 |
| Breast neoplasms | D001943 | EFO_0003869 | C50 | 1 | 3 | — | — | — | 4 |
| Hemorrhage | D006470 | MP_0001914 | R58 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 2 | 4 |
| Parkinson disease | D010300 | EFO_0002508 | G20 | — | 2 | — | — | 1 | 3 |
| Brain injuries | D001930 | — | S06.9 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 3 |
| Peripheral nervous system diseases | D010523 | — | G64 | — | 3 | — | — | — | 3 |
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage | D013345 | EFO_0000713 | I60 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Tachycardia | D013610 | — | R00.0 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Orthostatic intolerance | D054971 | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 |
Show 49 more
Indications Phases 1
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Covid-19 | D000086382 | — | U07.1 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Blood pressure | D001794 | EFO_0004325 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | 2 |
| Pure autonomic failure | D054970 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Recurrence | D012008 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Male circumcision | D002944 | EFO_0003953 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Vascular stiffness | D059289 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Isolated systolic hypertension | D000092244 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Autonomic nervous system diseases | D001342 | EFO_0009532 | G90 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Hypotension | D007022 | EFO_0005251 | I95 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Orthostatic hypotension | D007024 | — | I95.1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
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Indications Without Phase
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joint diseases | D007592 | — | M12.9 | — | — | — | — | 4 | 4 |
| Stroke | D020521 | EFO_0000712 | I63.9 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Cerebral hemorrhage | D002543 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Sleep initiation and maintenance disorders | D007319 | — | F51.01 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Mental disorders | D001523 | EFO_0000677 | F91.9 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Prostatectomy | D011468 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Tennis elbow | D013716 | EFO_1001896 | M77.1 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Pregnancy | D011247 | EFO_0002950 | Z33.1 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Pilonidal sinus | D010864 | — | L05 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Ventral hernia | D006555 | EFO_1001866 | K43 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
Show 38 more
Epidemiology
Epidemiological information for investigational and approved indications
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Drug
General
| Drug common name | Clonidine |
| INN | clonidine |
| Description | Clonidine (imino form) is a clonidine. It is a tautomer of a clonidine (amino form). |
| Classification | Small molecule |
| Drug class | α2A-adrenergic receptor agonist |
| Image (chem structure or protein) |  |
| Structure (InChI/SMILES or Protein Sequence) | Clc1cccc(Cl)c1NC1=NCCN1 |
Identifiers
| PDB | — |
| CAS-ID | 4205-90-7 |
| RxCUI | — |
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL134 |
| ChEBI ID | 3757 |
| PubChem CID | 2803 |
| DrugBank | DB00575 |
| UNII ID | MN3L5RMN02 (ChemIDplus, GSRS) |
Target
Agency Approved
No data
Alternate
ADRA1D
ADRA1D
Organism
Homo sapiens
Gene name
ADRA1D
Gene synonyms
ADRA1A
NCBI Gene ID
Protein name
alpha-1D adrenergic receptor
Protein synonyms
adrenergic, alpha -1D-, receptor, adrenergic, alpha-1A-, receptor, Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor, Alpha-1D adrenoceptor, Alpha-1D adrenoreceptor, Alpha-adrenergic receptor 1a
Uniprot ID
Mouse ortholog
Adra1d (11550)
alpha-1D adrenergic receptor (P97714)
Variants
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Financial
Revenue by drug
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Estimated US medical usage
Clonidine
+
Chlorthalidone
Total medical expenditures per year (USD, in millions)
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Clonidine
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Trends
PubMed Central
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Additional graphs summarizing 25,106 documents
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Safety
Black-box Warning
Black-box warning for: Duraclon
Adverse Events
Top Adverse Reactions
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18,876 adverse events reported
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