Clonidine
Catapres, Clonidine, Clorpres, Combipres, Duraclon, Nexiclon (clonidine) is a small molecule pharmaceutical. Clonidine was first approved as Combipres on 1982-01-01. It is used to treat attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, diarrhea, dysmenorrhea, glaucoma, and hot flashes amongst others in the USA. The pharmaceutical is active against alpha-2B adrenergic receptor and alpha-2A adrenergic receptor. In addition, it is known to target potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4, potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2, solute carrier family 22 member 1, potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 1, alpha-2C adrenergic receptor, and alpha-1D adrenergic receptor.
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Commercial
Therapeutic Areas
Trade Name
FDA
EMA
Catapres, Duraclon, Kapvay, Nexiclon (generic drugs available since 1986-12-16, discontinued: Catapres, Jenloga)
Drug Products
FDA
EMA
New Drug Application (NDA)
New Drug Application (NDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Chlorthalidone
+
Clonidine hydrochloride
Tradename | Company | Number | Date | Products |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| COMBIPRES | Boehringer Ingelheim | N-017503 DISCN | 1982-01-01 | 3 products, RLD |
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Clonidine
Clonidine hydrochloride
Tradename | Company | Number | Date | Products |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KAPVAY | Concordia Laboratories | N-022331 RX | 2010-09-28 | 1 products, RLD, RS |
| DURACLON | Mylan | N-020615 RX | 1996-10-02 | 1 products, RLD |
Show 4 discontinued
Labels
FDA
EMA
Brand Name | Status | Last Update |
|---|---|---|
| catapres | New Drug Application | 2010-12-10 |
| catapres-tts-1 catapres-tts-2 catapres-tts-3 | New Drug Application | 2023-03-25 |
| clondine | ANDA | 2010-03-15 |
| clonidine | ANDA | 2024-02-05 |
| clonidine hci | ANDA | 2022-12-09 |
| clonidine hydrochloride | ANDA | 2024-02-14 |
| clonidine hydrochloride tablets | ANDA | 2009-09-18 |
| clonidine transdermal system | ANDA | 2023-11-28 |
| clonidine transdermal system usp, 0.1 mg/day clonidine transdermal system usp, 0.2 mg/day clonidine transdermal system usp, 0.3 mg/day | New Drug Application | 2023-06-30 |
| duraclon | New Drug Application | 2021-03-17 |
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Indications
FDA
EMA
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Agency Specific
FDA
EMA
No data
ATC Codes
C: Cardiovascular system drugs
— C02: Antihypertensives
— C02A: Antiadrenergic agents, centrally acting
— C02AC: Imidazoline receptor agonists
— C02AC01: Clonidine
— C02L: Antihypertensives and diuretics in combination
— C02LC: Imidazoline receptor agonists in combination with diuretics
— C02LC01: Clonidine and diuretics
— C02LC51: Clonidine and diuretics, combinations with other drugs
N: Nervous system drugs
— N02: Analgesics
— N02C: Antimigraine preparations
— N02CX: Other antimigraine preparations in atc
— N02CX02: Clonidine
S: Sensory organ drugs
— S01: Ophthalmologicals
— S01E: Antiglaucoma preparations and miotics
— S01EA: Sympathomimetics in glaucoma therapy
— S01EA04: Clonidine
HCPCS
Code | Description |
|---|---|
| J0735 | Injection, clonidine hydrochloride, 1 mg |
Clinical
Clinical Trials
320 clinical trials
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Indications Phases 4
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Postoperative pain | D010149 | — | G89.18 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 10 | 8 | 27 |
| Hypertension | D006973 | EFO_0000537 | I10 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 17 |
| Pain | D010146 | EFO_0003843 | R52 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 16 |
| Opioid-related disorders | D009293 | EFO_0005611 | F11 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 10 |
| Neonatal abstinence syndrome | D009357 | EFO_0005799 | P96.1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 9 |
| Replacement arthroplasty knee | D019645 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 4 | 3 | 8 |
| Anesthesia | D000758 | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 8 |
| Delirium | D003693 | — | R41.0 | — | 1 | 2 | 4 | — | 7 |
| Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity | D001289 | EFO_0003888 | F90 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | — | 7 |
| Knee osteoarthritis | D020370 | EFO_0004616 | M17 | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
Show 67 more
Indications Phases 3
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetic neuropathies | D003929 | EFO_1000783 | — | — | 4 | 1 | — | — | 5 |
| Substance withdrawal syndrome | D013375 | EFO_0005800 | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | 4 |
| Laron syndrome | D046150 | Orphanet_633 | E34.321 | — | — | 2 | — | 2 | 4 |
| Substance-related disorders | D019966 | EFO_0003890 | F13 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — | 3 |
| Heroin dependence | D006556 | EFO_0004240 | — | 1 | — | 2 | — | — | 3 |
| Morphine dependence | D009021 | EFO_0005612 | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | 2 |
| Hyperalgesia | D006930 | — | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 2 |
| Neoplasms | D009369 | — | C80 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | 2 |
| Fecal incontinence | D005242 | — | R15 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | 2 |
| Emergence delirium | D000071257 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 2 |
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Indications Phases 2
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy volunteers/patients | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 6 |
| Breast neoplasms | D001943 | EFO_0003869 | C50 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | 3 |
| Orthostatic intolerance | D054971 | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 |
| Brain injuries | D001930 | — | S06.9 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Obesity | D009765 | EFO_0001073 | E66.9 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 |
| Complex regional pain syndromes | D020918 | EFO_1001998 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Traumatic brain injuries | D000070642 | — | S06 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 |
| Parkinson disease | D010300 | EFO_0002508 | G20 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Back pain | D001416 | HP_0003418 | M54 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 2 |
| Hot flashes | D019584 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 2 |
Show 25 more
Indications Phases 1
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blood pressure | D001794 | EFO_0004325 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | 2 |
| Male circumcision | D002944 | EFO_0003953 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Vascular stiffness | D059289 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Neurodegenerative diseases | D019636 | EFO_0005772 | G31.9 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Autonomic nervous system diseases | D001342 | EFO_0009532 | G90 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Orthostatic hypotension | D007024 | — | I95.1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Cerebral palsy | D002547 | — | G80 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Amphetamine-related disorders | D019969 | EFO_0004701 | F15 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Mood disorders | D019964 | EFO_0004247 | F30-F39 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Cocaine-related disorders | D019970 | — | F14 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
Show 3 more
Indications Without Phase
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Covid-19 | D000086382 | — | U07.1 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Radiculopathy | D011843 | — | M54.1 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Stroke | D020521 | EFO_0000712 | I63.9 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Cerebral hemorrhage | D002543 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Sleep initiation and maintenance disorders | D007319 | — | F51.01 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 |
| Prostatectomy | D011468 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Pregnancy | D011247 | EFO_0002950 | Z33.1 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Pilonidal sinus | D010864 | HP_0010769 | L05 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Rhytidoplasty | D015361 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
| Migraine disorders | D008881 | EFO_0003821 | G43 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
Show 27 more
Epidemiology
Epidemiological information for investigational and approved indications
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Drug
General
| Drug common name | Clonidine |
| INN | clonidine |
| Description | Clonidine (imino form) is a clonidine. It is a tautomer of a clonidine (amino form). |
| Classification | Small molecule |
| Drug class | — |
| Image (chem structure or protein) |  |
| Structure (InChI/SMILES or Protein Sequence) | Clc1cccc(Cl)c1NC1=NCCN1 |
Identifiers
| PDB | — |
| CAS-ID | 4205-90-7 |
| RxCUI | — |
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL134 |
| ChEBI ID | 3757 |
| PubChem CID | 2803 |
| DrugBank | DB00575 |
| UNII ID | MN3L5RMN02 (ChemIDplus, GSRS) |
Target
Agency Approved
No data
Alternate
ADRA1D
ADRA1D
Organism
Homo sapiens
Gene name
ADRA1D
Gene synonyms
ADRA1A
NCBI Gene ID
Protein name
alpha-1D adrenergic receptor
Protein synonyms
adrenergic, alpha -1D-, receptor, adrenergic, alpha-1A-, receptor, Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor, Alpha-1D adrenoceptor, Alpha-1D adrenoreceptor, Alpha-adrenergic receptor 1a
Uniprot ID
Mouse ortholog
Adra1d (11550)
alpha-1D adrenergic receptor (P97714)
Variants
No data
Financial
Revenue by drug
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Estimated US medical usage
Clonidine
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Chlorthalidone
Total medical expenditures per year (USD, in millions)
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Clonidine
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Trends
PubMed Central
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Additional graphs summarizing 22,361 documents
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Safety
Black-box Warning
Black-box warning for: Duraclon
Adverse Events
Top Adverse Reactions
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14,013 adverse events reported
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